Which of the following structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi ?

Options

A. Ascospores
B. Zygosporangia
C. Basidiospores
D. Conidia

Explanation

To determine which structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi, we will analyze each option provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**: We have four options to consider:
- A) Ascospores
- B) Zygosporangia
- C) Deciduospores
- D) Conidia

2. **Analyzing Ascospores (Option A)**:
- Ascospores are spores that are produced inside a sac-like structure called an ascus.
- They are primarily associated with **sexual reproduction** in fungi.
- **Conclusion**: Ascospores are not associated with asexual reproduction.

3. **Analyzing Zygosporangia (Option B)**:
- Zygosporangia (or zygospores) are formed during the sexual reproduction phase of fungi.
- They are diploid spores produced during the sexual reproductive cycle.
- **Conclusion**: Zygosporangia are not associated with asexual reproduction.

4. **Analyzing Deciduospores (Option C)**:
- The term "deciduospores" is not commonly used in the context of fungal reproduction and may refer to spores that are shed or fall off.
- However, they are not a recognized structure associated with asexual reproduction in fungi.
- **Conclusion**: Deciduospores are not a standard term associated with asexual reproduction.

5. **Analyzing Conidia (Option D)**:
- Conidia (or conidiospores) are a type of asexual spore produced by certain fungi.
- They are formed on specialized structures called conidiophores and are a primary means of asexual reproduction in fungi.
- Examples include fungi like Penicillium and Aspergillus.
- **Conclusion**: Conidia are indeed associated with asexual reproduction.

6. **Final Answer**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **Option D: Conidia**.