Why are Bryophytes are amphibians of plant kingdom?

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Definition of Bryophytes**: Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They are simple plants that do not have true roots, stems, or leaves.

2. **Amphibian Characteristics**: The term "amphibian" refers to organisms that can live both in water and on land. This characteristic is crucial for understanding why bryophytes are classified as such.

3. **Habitat of Bryophytes**: Bryophytes typically thrive in moist environments, such as marshy and wetland areas. They require a humid environment to grow but can also survive in drier conditions.

4. **Water Requirement for Reproduction**: Bryophytes require water for their reproductive process, particularly for asexual reproduction. They produce sperm that must swim through water to reach the eggs for fertilization.

5. **Adaptation to Land**: While bryophytes are primarily found in wet areas, they have adaptations that allow them to survive in drier conditions. They can absorb moisture and nutrients from the soil when water is not available.

6. **Reproductive Process**: The main method of reproduction in bryophytes is asexual reproduction through spores. However, for sexual reproduction, water is essential for the movement of sperm to fertilize the eggs.

7. **Conclusion**: Due to their ability to live in both aquatic and terrestrial environments and their reliance on water for reproduction, bryophytes are aptly referred to as the "amphibians of the plant kingdom."