Which bacteria are utilised in gobar gas plant?

Options

A. Methanogenes
B. Nitrifying bacteria
C. Ammonifying bacteria
D. Denitrifying bacteria

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Gobar Gas**: Gobar gas, also known as biogas, is produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic matter, primarily from agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, and sewage.

2. **Anaerobic Digestion Process**: The production of gobar gas involves anaerobic reactions, meaning that these processes occur in the absence of oxygen. During this process, organic matter is broken down by microorganisms.

3. **Composition of Gobar Gas**: The primary components of gobar gas are methane (50-75%), carbon dioxide (25-35%), and trace gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and hydrogen sulfide.

4. **Role of Methanogens**: The key bacteria involved in the production of methane in gobar gas plants are known as methanogens. These microorganisms are essential for converting organic substrates into methane.

5. **Other Types of Bacteria**: While discussing the types of bacteria, it’s important to note that:
- **Nitrifying bacteria** are involved in the aerobic oxidation of ammonia to nitrates.
- **Ammonifying bacteria** convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates.
- **Denitrifying bacteria** convert nitrates back into free nitrogen gas, releasing it into the atmosphere.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the bacteria specifically utilized in gobar gas plants are the **methanogens**, as they are responsible for the production of methane from organic waste.

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