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Integers a, b, c satisfy a + b - c = 1 and `a^2 + b^2 - c^2 = -1`. What is the sum of all possible values of `a^(2) + b^(2) + c^(2)` ?

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To solve the problem, we need to find integers \( a, b, c \) that satisfy the equations: 1. \( a + b - c = 1 \) (Equation 1) 2. \( a^2 + b^2 - c^2 = -1 \) (Equation 2) We want to find the sum of all possible values of \( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \). ### Step 1: Rearranging Equation 1 From Equation 1, we can express \( c \) in terms of \( a \) and \( b \): \[ c = a + b - 1 \] ### Step 2: Substituting \( c \) in Equation 2 Now, substitute \( c \) into Equation 2: \[ a^2 + b^2 - (a + b - 1)^2 = -1 \] ### Step 3: Expanding the Equation Expanding \( (a + b - 1)^2 \): \[ (a + b - 1)^2 = a^2 + b^2 + 2ab - 2a - 2b + 1 \] So, substituting this back into Equation 2 gives: \[ a^2 + b^2 - (a^2 + b^2 + 2ab - 2a - 2b + 1) = -1 \] ### Step 4: Simplifying the Equation Simplifying the left-hand side: \[ a^2 + b^2 - a^2 - b^2 - 2ab + 2a + 2b - 1 = -1 \] This simplifies to: \[ -2ab + 2a + 2b - 1 = -1 \] Adding 1 to both sides: \[ -2ab + 2a + 2b = 0 \] ### Step 5: Factoring the Equation Factoring out 2: \[ 2(-ab + a + b) = 0 \] Thus, we have: \[ -ab + a + b = 0 \] Rearranging gives: \[ ab = a + b \] ### Step 6: Rearranging Further We can rearrange this to: \[ ab - a - b = 0 \] Factoring gives: \[ (a - 1)(b - 1) = 1 \] ### Step 7: Finding Integer Solutions The integer solutions for \( (a - 1)(b - 1) = 1 \) can be: 1. \( a - 1 = 1 \) and \( b - 1 = 1 \) → \( a = 2, b = 2 \) 2. \( a - 1 = -1 \) and \( b - 1 = -1 \) → \( a = 0, b = 0 \) 3. \( a - 1 = 1 \) and \( b - 1 = -1 \) → \( a = 2, b = 0 \) 4. \( a - 1 = -1 \) and \( b - 1 = 1 \) → \( a = 0, b = 2 \) ### Step 8: Finding Corresponding \( c \) Values Now we calculate \( c \) for each pair \( (a, b) \): 1. For \( (2, 2) \): \[ c = 2 + 2 - 1 = 3 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 2^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 = 4 + 4 + 9 = 17 \] 2. For \( (0, 0) \): \[ c = 0 + 0 - 1 = -1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 0^2 + 0^2 + (-1)^2 = 0 + 0 + 1 = 1 \] 3. For \( (2, 0) \): \[ c = 2 + 0 - 1 = 1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 2^2 + 0^2 + 1^2 = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5 \] 4. For \( (0, 2) \): \[ c = 0 + 2 - 1 = 1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 0^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 = 0 + 4 + 1 = 5 \] ### Step 9: Summing All Possible Values The possible values of \( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \) are \( 17, 1, 5, 5 \). The unique sums are \( 17 \) and \( 1 \) and \( 5 \). Thus, the sum of all possible values is: \[ 17 + 1 + 5 = 23 \] ### Final Answer The sum of all possible values of \( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \) is \( \boxed{23} \).
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