Name the disease in which the alveolar wall rupture and lose elasticity?

Answer

The disease in which the alveolar wall ruptures and loses elasticity is known as **Emphysema**.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Alveolar Structure**: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. They are surrounded by elastic fibers that help them expand and contract during breathing.

2. **Identifying the Disease**: Emphysema is a chronic lung condition that is part of a group of diseases known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

3. **Mechanism of Emphysema**: In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli become damaged, leading to the rupture of these walls. This results in fewer, larger alveoli instead of many small ones, which decreases the surface area available for gas exchange.

4. **Loss of Elasticity**: The destruction of the alveolar walls also leads to a loss of elasticity in the lungs. This means that the lungs cannot fully deflate, making it difficult for the person to exhale air effectively.

5. **Symptoms**: Common symptoms of emphysema include shortness of breath, a chronic cough, and wheezing. These symptoms are due to the reduced capacity for gas exchange and the obstruction of airflow.