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Taking examples under each category, dis...

Taking examples under each category, discuss upstream and downstream processing,

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Upstream processing is the start of microbial activity for an industrial process. It includes a proper nutrient solution, a pure strain of desired microbe and optimum conditions of the nutrient solution like proper aeration, temperature and optimum pH. Downstream processing is the process of obtaining the products of a microbial activity. When a sample drawn out from the culture medium indicates presence of optimum product in the cells or completion of biosynthetic phase, the biomass is removed and product is isolated.
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