The modified adventitious roots, which originate from the lower nodes of the stem of maize & sugarcane are

Options

A. Stilt root
B. Beaded root
C. Fasciculated root
D. Prop root

Answer

To answer the question regarding the modified adventitious roots that originate from the lower nodes of the stem of maize and sugarcane, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Type of Roots**: The question asks about modified adventitious roots. Adventitious roots are roots that grow from unusual places, such as stems or leaves, rather than from the primary root system.

2. **Understand the Context**: In the case of maize and sugarcane, both are monocotyledonous plants. Monocots typically do not undergo secondary growth, which means they do not develop thicker stems over time like some dicots do.

3. **Location of Roots**: The roots in question originate from the lower nodes of the stem. This indicates that they are emerging from the stem rather than the ground.

4. **Function of the Roots**: The primary function of roots is to absorb water and nutrients. However, in the case of maize and sugarcane, these roots also provide additional support to the plant, which is crucial for plants with thin stems.

5. **Identify the Specific Type of Modified Root**: The roots that emerge from the lower nodes of the stem in maize and sugarcane are specifically known as **stilt roots**. These roots grow downwards into the soil and help stabilize the plant.

6. **Eliminate Incorrect Options**: Other types of roots mentioned, such as beaded roots, fasciculated roots, and prop roots, do not fit the description provided in the question. Beaded roots and fasciculated roots serve different functions, while prop roots emerge from the stem but not specifically from the lower nodes.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the modified adventitious roots that originate from the lower nodes of the stem of maize and sugarcane are called **stilt roots**.

### Final Answer:
The modified adventitious roots, which originate from the lower nodes of the stem of maize and sugarcane, are called **stilt roots**.

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