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Which steps are involved in respiration ...

Which steps are involved in respiration ?
(i) Pulmonary ventilation
(ii) Diffusion of gases
(iii) Transport of gases by the blood
(iv) Utilisation of `O_(2)` by the cells.

A

i, ii, iii, iv

B

i, ii, iii

C

i, ii, iv

D

ii, iii

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To answer the question regarding the steps involved in respiration, we can break down the process into four main components: 1. **Pulmonary Ventilation**: This is the process of breathing, which involves the inhalation of air into the lungs and the exhalation of air out of the lungs. It is the first step in respiration and is essential for the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the lungs. 2. **Diffusion of Gases**: Once air is in the lungs, oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) diffuse across the alveolar membrane into the bloodstream. This step is crucial as it allows for the exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries surrounding them. 3. **Transport of Gases by the Blood**: After diffusion, oxygen is transported by the blood to various tissues in the body. Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin, which is then carried to the cells that need it. 4. **Utilization of O2 by the Cells**: The final step involves the cells using the oxygen for cellular respiration, a process that produces energy. During this process, cells utilize oxygen to convert glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct. In conclusion, all four steps—(i) Pulmonary ventilation, (ii) Diffusion of gases, (iii) Transport of gases by the blood, and (iv) Utilization of O2 by the cells—are involved in respiration.
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