Helotism found in :-

Options

A. Epiphytes
B. Termites and Flagellates
C. Lichen
D. Birds and tree

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Helotism**: Helotism is a type of mutualism where one organism (the helot) lives on or in another organism (the host) and benefits from it, while the host is not significantly harmed. This relationship is often seen in specific ecological interactions.

2. **Identifying Examples of Helotism**: The most notable example of helotism is found in lichens. Lichens are a symbiotic association between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. In this relationship, the fungi provide structure and protection, while the algae or cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis to produce food.

3. **Analyzing Other Options**:
- **Epiphytes**: These are plants that grow on other plants but do not harm them. They are not considered helotism as they do not rely on the host for nutrients.
- **Termites and Flagellates**: This relationship is mutualistic, but it does not fit the criteria for helotism since the flagellates live in the gut of termites, which is a different ecological niche.
- **Birds and Trees**: While birds may benefit trees (e.g., by dispersing seeds), they do not live on or in the trees in a way that would classify as helotism.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question of where helotism is found is in lichens, as they exemplify the mutualistic relationship where both organisms benefit from each other while living closely together.

**Final Answer**: Helotism is found in lichens.

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