State two methods to remove temporary hardness.

The method used to remove temporary hardness of water is:

Chemical A is used for water softening to remove temporary hardness. A reacts with sodium carbonate to generate caustic soda. When CO_(2) is bubbled through a solution of A, it turns cloudy. What is the chemical formula of A ?

Which one of the following removes temporary hardness of water ?

Explain one method of removing permanent hardness.

A water is said to be soft water if it produces sufficient foam with the soap and water that does not produce foam with soap is known as hard water. Hardness has been classified into two types (i)Temporary hardness (ii) Permanent hardness. Temporary hardness is due to presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonate. It is simply removed by boiling as Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr CaCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O Mg(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr MgCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O temporary hardness can also be removed by addition of slaked lime, Ca(OH)_(2) Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)+Ca(OH)_(2)to2CaCO_(3)darr+2H_(2)O permanent hardsness is due to presencce of sulphates and chlorides of Ca,Mg,etc. It is removed by washing soda as CaCl_(2)+Na_(2)CO_(3)toCaCO_(3)darr+2NaCl CaSO(4)+Na_(2)CO_(3)to CaCO_(3)darr+Na_(2)SO_(4) Permanent hardness also removed by ion exchange resin process as 2RH+Ca^(2+) to R_(2)Ca+2H^(+) 2ROH+SO_(4)^(2-)toR_(2)SO_(4)+2OH^(-) The degree of hardness of water is measured in terms of PPm of CaCO_(3) 100 PPm means 100 g of CaCO_(3) is present in 10^(6) g of H_(2)O . If any other water sample which contain 120 PPm of MgSO_(4) , hardness in terms of CaCO_(3) is equal to =100 PPm. What is the mass of Ca(OH)_(2) required for 10 litre of water remove temporary hardness of 100 PPm due to Ca(HCO_(3))_(2) ?

Compound X is used for removal of temporary hardness of water. It dissolves in water to form alkaline solution Choose the correct statements for 'X'

The Reagent which is commercially known as ‘calgon’ that is used to remove the permanent hardness of water in Calgon’s method. Find out the number of moles of calgon required to remove 12 moles of Ca^(2+) ion present in hard water.

Describe any two methods that may be used to remove permanent hardness of water.

What are the causes for Temporary hardness

What do you understand by the temporary hardness and permanent hardness of water ?