Biological classification is a dynamic and ever evolving phenomenon which keeps changing with our understanding of life forms. Justify the statement taking any two examples.

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Our atmosphere is getting hotter. more turbulent, and more unpredictable because of the “boiling and churning” effect caused by the heat-trapping greenhouse gases within the upper layers of atmosphere. With increase of carbon, methane, or other greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, our local weather and global climate is further agitated, heated, and “boiled”. The green house gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are causing great impact on life on earth. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting, causing sea level rise, coastal submergence and frequent natural disasters. We have to rethink while taking the development projects and help to protect the existing life forms on the earth before its too late because climate change can exterminate us. What can we do to reverse effects climate change?

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Our atmosphere is getting hotter. more turbulent, and more unpredictable because of the “boiling and churning” effect caused by the heat-trapping greenhouse gases within the upper layers of atmosphere. With increase of carbon, methane, or other greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, our local weather and global climate is further agitated, heated, and “boiled”. The green house gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are causing great impact on life on earth. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting, causing sea level rise, coastal submergence and frequent natural disasters. We have to rethink while taking the development projects and help to protect the existing life forms on the earth before its too late because climate change can exterminate us. Why is life threatened on the earth due to global warming?

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Our atmosphere is getting hotter. more turbulent, and more unpredictable because of the “boiling and churning” effect caused by the heat-trapping greenhouse gases within the upper layers of atmosphere. With increase of carbon, methane, or other greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, our local weather and global climate is further agitated, heated, and “boiled”. The green house gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are causing great impact on life on earth. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting, causing sea level rise, coastal submergence and frequent natural disasters. We have to rethink while taking the development projects and help to protect the existing life forms on the earth before its too late because climate change can exterminate us. Which are main green house gases?

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Our atmosphere is getting hotter. more turbulent, and more unpredictable because of the “boiling and churning” effect caused by the heat-trapping greenhouse gases within the upper layers of atmosphere. With increase of carbon, methane, or other greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, our local weather and global climate is further agitated, heated, and “boiled”. The green house gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are causing great impact on life on earth. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting, causing sea level rise, coastal submergence and frequent natural disasters. We have to rethink while taking the development projects and help to protect the existing life forms on the earth before its too late because climate change can exterminate us. Why is there increased global warming?

Read the paragraph and answer the questions given below : Our atmosphere is getting hotter. more turbulent, and more unpredictable because of the “boiling and churning” effect caused by the heat-trapping greenhouse gases within the upper layers of atmosphere. With increase of carbon, methane, or other greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere, our local weather and global climate is further agitated, heated, and “boiled”. The green house gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are causing great impact on life on earth. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting, causing sea level rise, coastal submergence and frequent natural disasters. We have to rethink while taking the development projects and help to protect the existing life forms on the earth before its too late because climate change can exterminate us. What is the chain of impacts caused due to global warming ?

Read the following paragraph and answer the following questions given below it : Construction of a compound microscope : (i) Acompound microscope consists of a metal tube fitted with two convex lenses at the two ends. These lenses are called the objective lens ( the lens directed towards the object ) and the eyepiece ( the lens directed towards the eye ). Both the lenses are small in size , but the cross section of the objective lens has a short focal length . the focal length of the eyepiece is more than that of the objective lens . (ii) The metal tube is mounted on a stand . thr principal axes of the objective lens and the eyepiece are along the same line . The distance between the object and objective lens can be changed with a screw . It is possible to change the distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece. Working : (i) The object to be observed is illuminated and placed in front of the objective lens. slightly beyond the focal length of the objective lens. it's real , inverted and enlarged image is formed by the objective lens on the other side. (ii) This intermediate image lies with in the focal length of the eyepiece. It serves as an object for the eyepiece. The eyepiece works as a simple microscope . the final image is virtual, highly enlarged and inverted with respect to the original object . It can be formed at the minimum distance of distinct vision from the eyepiece . The final image is observed by keeping the eye close to the eyepiece. Use: This microscope is used to observe blood cells , microorganisms , etc. In a compound microscope , which lens has greater focal length ?

Read the following paragraph and answer the following questions given below it : Construction of a compound microscope : (i) Acompound microscope consists of a metal tube fitted with two convex lenses at the two ends. These lenses are called the objective lens ( the lens directed towards the object ) and the eyepiece ( the lens directed towards the eye ). Both the lenses are small in size , but the cross section of the objective lens has a short focal length . the focal length of the eyepiece is more than that of the objective lens . (ii) The metal tube is mounted on a stand . thr principal axes of the objective lens and the eyepiece are along the same line . The distance between the object and objective lens can be changed with a screw . It is possible to change the distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece. Working : (i) The object to be observed is illuminated and placed in front of the objective lens. slightly beyond the focal length of the objective lens. it's real , inverted and enlarged image is formed by the objective lens on the other side. (ii) This intermediate image lies with in the focal length of the eyepiece. It serves as an object for the eyepiece. The eyepiece works as a simple microscope . the final image is virtual, highly enlarged and inverted with respect to the original object . It can be formed at the minimum distance of distinct vision from the eyepiece . The final image is observed by keeping the eye close to the eyepiece. Use: This microscope is used to observe blood cells , microorganisms , etc. State which distance is adjusted to observe the object with a compound microscope ?

State the law of conservation of linear momentum. It is a consequence of which law? Give an example form our daily life for conservation of momentum. Does it hold good during burst of a cracker?

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions: If heat is exchanged between a hot and cold object, the temperature of the cold object goes on increasing due to gain of energy and the temperature of the hot object goes on decreasing gue to loss of energy. The change in temperature continues till the temperatures of both the objects attain the same value. In this process, the cold object gains heat energy and the hot object loses haet energy. If the system of both the objects is isolated from the environment by keeping it inside a heat resistance box (meaning that the energy exchange takes place between the two objects only ), then no energy can flow from inside the box or come into the box. Which property of the substance is measured using this principle ?

The coutries which do not have oil reservatirs in their land import oil from other countries. But sometimes during transporting oil through sea routes, accidental oil spilling occurs. This oil spilled in the ocean may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic animals. Therefore, removel of this spilled oil is essential for protection of aquatic life. For removing this oil layer, certain microbes like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanivarax borkumensis are used. These microbes have the ability to destroy the pyridines and other toxic chemicals. The hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB) are able to decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction carbon with oxygen resulting in formation of CO_(2) and water. Like oil spills cause damage to aquatic life, platic forms the major part of the grabage on land. Plastics are difficult to degrade as they are made up of PET. By research, various species like Vibrio and Idenoella sakaiensis which can degred PET.By research, various species like Vibrio and Ideonella sakaiensis which can degrade PET have been identified. There are cartain species of microbes which can decompose rubber from garbage. Based on the given paragraph answer the following question. Name any two species of microbes which can degrade rubber from