Enzymes are proteins. Proteins are long chains of aminoacids linked to each other by peptide bonds. Amino acids have many functional groups in their structure. These functional groups are, many of themat least, ionisable. As they are weak acids and bases in chemical nature, this ionization is influenced by pH of the solution. For many enzymes, activity isinfluenced by surrounding pH. This is depicted in the curve below, explain briefly.

Carbon forms a large number of compounds because of its two unique properties formed many have long straight chains of carbon, branched chains of carbon or rings of carbon. In these compounds, carbon atoms may form single, double or triple covalent bonds. Compounds in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other by single bonds are called saturated carbon compounds whereas compounds having at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond are called unsaturated carbon compounds. Compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are known as hydrocarbons. Based on the above information, answer the following questions. ii. Give two examples of carbon compounds which have ring structure.

Information about protein synthesis is stored in the DNA. Proteins are synthesized by DNA through RNA. This is also known as the central dogma of life. The nucleotide sequences of the mRNA produced are complementary to the DNA strand that is uded as the template for synthesis. This process of synthesis of RNA from DNA is known as transcription. The code for each amino acid consists of three nucleotides (triplet codon) that are present on the mRNA. The tRNA has an anticodon sequence complementary to the cofon on the mRNA. During translation, the code on mRNA is read nad respective amino acids brought by tRNA are joined together by peptide bonds. Based on the given paragraph, answer the followig question: i. If 3'-AACGT-5' is a sequence of the template DNA strand, what would be the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding mRNA synthesized from it? ii. What is the difference in nitrogeneous bases of DNA and RNA? iii. Which enzyme woud be required for the synthesis of RNA from DNA during transcription? iv. How many amino acids can the following mRNA sequence code for ? 5'-UUCAGCCGUGUCAUU-3' v. What is the function of mRNA in translation?