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Explain the following observations : (...

Explain the following observations :
(i) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds .
(ii) There is a general increase in density from titanium (Z =22) to copper (Z = 29).
(iii) The members of the actinoid series exhibit a larger number of oxidation states than the corresponding members of the lanthanoid series.

Text Solution

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In case of actinoids, 5f, 6d and 7s subshells have compareable energies. Therefore, actinoids exhibit +3, +4, +5, +6 and +7 oxidation states due to the participiation of 5f, 6d and 7s electrons in bond formation.
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Explain the following: There is an increase in density of elements from titanium (Z = 22) to copper (Z = 29) in the 3d series of transition elements.

Explain the following observation : (i) Transition elements generally form coloured compounds. (ii) Zinc is not regaded as a transition element.

(a) Complete the following chemical reaction equations : (i) MnO_(4(aq))^(-) + C_(2)O_(4(aq))^(2-) + H_((aq))^(+) to (ii) Cr_(2) O_(7 (aq))^(2-) + Fe_((aq))^(2+) + H_((aq))^(+) to (b) Explain the following observations about the transition/inner transition elements : (i) There is in general an increase in density of element from titanium (Z = 22) to copper ( Z= 29). (ii) There occurs much more frequent metal-metal bonding in compounds of heavy transition elements ( 3^(rd) series). (iii) The members in the actinoid series exhibit a larger number of oxidation states than the corresponding members in the lanthanoid series.

Explain the following observations about the transition/ inner-transition elements : (i) There is in general an increase in density of elements from titanium (Z=22) to copper (Z=29). (ii) There occurs much more frequent metal-metal bonding in compounds of heavy transition elements (3rd series). (iii) The members in the actinoid series exhibit a large number of oxidation states than the corresponding members in the lanthanoid sereis

Explain the following observations: (i) Transition elements are known to form many interstitial compounds.. (ii) With the same d^4 configuration Cr^(2+) ion is reducing while Mn^(3+) ion is oxidising. (iii) The enthalpies of atomization of the transition elements are quite high.

How would you account for the following ? (i) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds. (ii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are virtually the same as those of the correponding group members of the second (4d) series.

Explain the following observation: (i) Generally there is an increase in density of elements from titanium (Z=22) to copper (Z=29) in the first series of transition elements. (ii) Transition elements and their compounds are generally found to be catalysts in chemical reactions.

Assign reasons for the following : (i) Copper (I) ion is not known in aqueous solution. (ii) Actinoids exhibit greater range of oxidation states than lanthanoids.

How would you account for the following ? (i) With the same d-orbital configuration (d^(4)) Cr^(2+) is reducting agent while Mn^(3+) is an oxidizing agent. (ii) The actionoids exhibits a larger numbe of oxidation states than the corresponding members in the lanthanoid series. (iii) Most of the transition metal ions exhibit characteristic in colours in aqueous solutions.

How would you account for the following ? (i) With the same d-orbital configuration (d^(4)) Cr^(2+) is reducting agent while Mn^(3+) is an oxidizing agent. (ii) The actionoids exhibits a larger numbe of oxidation states than the corresponding members in the lanthanoid series. (iii) Most of the transition metal ions exhibit characteristic in colours in aqueous solutions.

ICSE-d- AND- f- BLOCK ELEMENTS-EXERCISE (PART-II) (DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS)(VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS)
  1. Which is more basic La(OH)(3)zor Lu(OH)3 ? Why?

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  2. What is the basic difference between the electronic configurations of ...

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  3. Why do transition elements show similarities along the horizontal peri...

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  4. Why the third ionization energy of manganese (atomic number 25) unexpe...

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  5. Which property of the transition elements makes them good catalysts?

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  6. What are coinage metals ?

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  7. Write the ionic reaction for the reaction between MnO4^(-) ions and ox...

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  8. Write one reaction using alkaline KmnO4.

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  9. Write the electronic configuration of the element with atomic number 1...

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  10. What is the electronic cofiguration of charomium atom (z= 24) Give re...

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  11. Why are Cd^(2+) salts white ?

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  12. Though a transition element, scandium (Z = 21) does not exhibit variab...

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  13. Account for the following: There are irregularities in the electron...

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  14. The gradual decrease in size (actionoid contraction) is from element t...

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  15. (a) Complete the following chemical equations : (i) MnO(4)^(-) (aq) ...

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  16. Assign reasons for the following : (i) Copper (I) ion is not known i...

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  17. Why is Cr^(2+) reducing and Mn^(3+) oxidising when both have d^(4) con...

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  18. How would you accont for the following? Lanthanoids form primarily +...

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  19. How would you account for the following : (i) Among lanthanoids , Ln...

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  20. Explain the following observations : (i) Many of the transition elem...

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