How is aniline obtained from benzoic acid ?

Explanation

To obtain aniline from benzoic acid, we can follow a series of chemical reactions. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Conversion of Benzoic Acid to Benzoyl Chloride
- **Reaction**: Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) is treated with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) or phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5).
- **Result**: The hydroxyl group (-OH) of the carboxylic acid is replaced by a chlorine atom (-Cl), resulting in benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl).

### Step 2: Formation of Benzamide
- **Reaction**: Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl) is then reacted with ammonia (NH3).
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