How is orange-I prepared ?

Explanation

To prepare Orange I (also known as methyl orange), we follow a two-step reaction process involving aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the preparation:

### Step 1: Formation of Benzene Diazonium Chloride
1. **React Aniline with Sodium Nitrite and Hydrochloric Acid**:
- Aniline (C6H5NH2) is treated with sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- This reaction occurs at low temperatures (0-5°C) to form benzene diazonium chloride (C6H5N2Cl).
- The reaction can be represented as:
\[
...