Why alkyl cyanides are soluble in water?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Alkyl Cyanides**: Alkyl cyanides, also known as nitriles, have the general formula R-C≡N, where R represents an alkyl group. The cyanide group (-C≡N) contains a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom.

2. **Hydrogen Bonding**: The nitrogen atom in the cyanide group has a lone pair of electrons. This lone pair can interact with hydrogen atoms in water molecules (H₂O). Water is a polar molecule and can form hydrogen bonds due to the presence of highly electronegative oxygen atoms bonded to hydrogen.

3. **Formation of Hydrogen Bonds**: When alkyl cyanides are mixed with water, the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom forms hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen atoms of water. This interaction stabilizes the alkyl cyanide in the aqueous solution, leading to its solubility.

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