What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water ?

Temporary and permanent magnets

What do you understand by the temporary hardness and permanent hardness of water ?

Name a process which can remove both temporary and permanent hardness of the water.

How are temporary and permanent hardness removed ?

Give reasons for the following: Washing soda can be used to remove both temporary and permanent hardness in water.

The Reagent which is commercially known as ‘calgon’ that is used to remove the permanent hardness of water in Calgon’s method. Find out the number of moles of calgon required to remove 12 moles of Ca^(2+) ion present in hard water.

Describe any two methods that may be used to remove permanent hardness of water.

Distinguish clearly between temporary and permanent hardness.

25mL samples of distiled water, tap water and boiled water required, respectively, 1mL, 13mL and 5mL of soap solution to form a permanent lather. The ratio of temporary to permanent hardness in the tap water is

The one that is NOT suitable for the removal permanent hardness of water is: