Give reasons for the following:
Washing soda can be used to remove both temporary and permanent hardness in water.

What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water ?

How are temporary and permanent hardness removed ?

Name a process which can remove both temporary and permanent hardness of the water.

Give an equation for the removal of permanent hardness in water.

Distinguish clearly between temporary and permanent hardness.

Which anions produce permanent hardness in water?

Which anions produce permanent hardness in water?

Describe any two methods that may be used to remove permanent hardness of water.

Give reasons for the following: Hardness in temporary water can be removed by boiling, but hardness in permanent hard water cannot.

Both temporary and permanent hardness is removed on boiling with