Explain industrial melanism.

Explanation

Industrial melanism was responsible for increase in the population of dark-coloured moths along with the loss of lichens during industrialisation in England. The tree trunks became darker (after industrialisation) with deposits of soot and smoke, hence the number of dark moths increased due to the added advantage of camouflage as they were not easily visible to their predators while the whitewinged ones were easily picked up by the predators. Thus, dark ones were selected by nature (natural selection) and light ones failed to survive.