Name the device used to protect the electric circuits from overloading and short circuits. On what effect of electricity does the above device work ?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Device:**
- The device used to protect electric circuits from overloading and short circuits is called an **electric fuse**.

2. **Understand the Function of the Device:**
- An electric fuse is designed to interrupt the flow of current in a circuit when it exceeds a certain level, thus preventing damage to the circuit components.

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