Rishi is surprised when he sees water boiling at `115^(@)C` in a container. Give reasons as to why water can boil at the above temperature.

Explanation

To understand why water can boil at a temperature higher than its normal boiling point of 100°C, we can break down the explanation into two main reasons:

### Step 1: Impurities in Water
- **Explanation**: If the water Rishi is using contains impurities (like salts or other substances), the boiling point of the water can increase. This phenomenon is known as boiling point elevation. When non-volatile solutes are added to a solvent (like water), it requires more energy (in the form of heat) to break the intermolecular forces between the molecules, thus raising the boiling point.

### Step 2: Increased Pressure
- **Explanation**: The boiling point of a liquid is also affected by the pressure exerted on it. In a closed container, the pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure. According to the principles of boiling, as pressure increases, the boiling point of the liquid also increases. This means that water can boil at temperatures above 100°C if the pressure in the container is sufficiently high.

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