How is it possible to increase the M. A. of the above lever without increasing its length ?

Explanation

To solve the question of how to increase the mechanical advantage (M.A.) of a lever without increasing its length, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mechanical Advantage (M.A.):**
The mechanical advantage of a lever is defined as the ratio of the load force (L) to the effort force (E). It can also be expressed in terms of the distances from the fulcrum to the effort arm (dE) and the load arm (dL):
\[
\text{M.A.} = \frac{L}{E} = \frac{dE}{dL}
...