The most common way by which the hydrogen atom may attain stability is

Options

A. forming covalent band.
B. forming `H^(+) `
C. forming `H^(-) `
D. Both (B) and (C)

Answer

To determine the most common way by which the hydrogen atom may attain stability, we can analyze the options provided:

1. **Forming a covalent bond**: When two hydrogen atoms bond covalently, they share their electrons to form H₂ (hydrogen gas). While this is a stable molecule, it is not the most stable form for an individual hydrogen atom.

2. **Forming H⁺ (hydrogen ion)**: When a hydrogen atom loses its single electron, it becomes H⁺. This positively charged ion is considered to be a very stable state for hydrogen because it has a full outer shell (which is empty in this case, as hydrogen has only one electron).

3. **Forming H⁻ (hydride ion)**: When a hydrogen atom gains an extra electron, it becomes H⁻. Although this ion is stable, it is not the most common or stable form for hydrogen in general.

4. **Both B and C**: This option suggests that both H⁺ and H⁻ are common ways for hydrogen to attain stability. However, we have established that H⁺ is the more stable form compared to H⁻.

Based on the analysis, the most common way by which the hydrogen atom may attain stability is by forming H⁺.

### Final Answer:
The most common way by which the hydrogen atom may attain stability is by forming H⁺ (hydrogen ion).