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Identify the incorrect statement related...

Identify the incorrect statement related to `PCl_(5)` from the following

A

`PCl_(5)` molecule in non-reactive.

B

Three equatorial P-Cl bonds make an angle of `120^(@)` with each other

C

Two axial P-Cl bonds make an angle of `180^(@)` with each other

D

Axial P-Cl bonds are longer than the equatorial P-Cl bonds.

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To identify the incorrect statement related to \( PCl_5 \), we will analyze each statement provided in the question based on the properties and structure of \( PCl_5 \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Hybridization of \( PCl_5 \)**: - The central atom in \( PCl_5 \) is phosphorus (P), which has 5 valence electrons. - There are 5 chlorine (Cl) atoms surrounding the phosphorus atom. - The hybridization can be calculated using the formula: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( \text{Valence electrons of central atom} + \text{Number of monovalent atoms} \right) \] Here, it becomes: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( 5 + 5 \right) = 5 \quad \text{(which corresponds to } sp^3d\text{)} \] 2. **Determining the Geometry of \( PCl_5 \)**: - The geometry of \( PCl_5 \) is trigonal bipyramidal due to the \( sp^3d \) hybridization. - In this geometry, there are three equatorial Cl atoms and two axial Cl atoms. 3. **Analyzing Each Statement**: - **Statement 1**: \( PCl_5 \) molecule is non-reactive. - This statement is incorrect. \( PCl_5 \) is actually reactive due to the presence of two weak axial bonds. - **Statement 2**: Three equatorial Cl bonds make an angle of 120 degrees with each other. - This statement is correct. In a trigonal bipyramidal structure, the equatorial bonds are indeed at 120 degrees. - **Statement 3**: Two axial \( PCl \) bonds make an angle of 180 degrees with each other. - This statement is correct. The axial bonds are aligned opposite to each other, making a 180-degree angle. - **Statement 4**: Axial \( PCl \) bonds are longer than equatorial \( PCl \) bonds. - This statement is also correct. Due to the steric hindrance and bond angles, axial bonds are longer. 4. **Conclusion**: - The only incorrect statement is **Statement 1**, which claims that \( PCl_5 \) is non-reactive. In reality, \( PCl_5 \) is highly reactive due to the weak axial bonds. ### Final Answer: The incorrect statement related to \( PCl_5 \) is: **"PCl_5 molecule is non-reactive."**

To identify the incorrect statement related to \( PCl_5 \), we will analyze each statement provided in the question based on the properties and structure of \( PCl_5 \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Hybridization of \( PCl_5 \)**: - The central atom in \( PCl_5 \) is phosphorus (P), which has 5 valence electrons. - There are 5 chlorine (Cl) atoms surrounding the phosphorus atom. - The hybridization can be calculated using the formula: ...
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