Out of the following options which one can be used produce a propagating electromagnetic wave?

Options

A. A stationary charge
B. A chargeless particle
C. An accelerating charge
D. A charge moving at constant velocity

Answer

To determine which option can produce a propagating electromagnetic wave, we need to analyze the behavior of different types of charges and their fields. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understand Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic (EM) waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space. For these waves to be produced, there must be a changing electric field that induces a changing magnetic field, and vice versa.

**Hint:** Recall that EM waves are formed by the interplay of electric and magnetic fields.

### Step 2: Analyze a Stationary Charge
A stationary charge produces an electric field but does not produce a magnetic field because it is not in motion. Since there is no changing magnetic field, a stationary charge cannot produce an EM wave.

**Hint:** Remember that motion is necessary to generate a magnetic field.

### Step 3: Analyze a Chargeless Particle
A chargeless particle does not generate an electric field at all, hence it cannot produce any electromagnetic waves. EM waves require at least an electric field.

**Hint:** Consider the role of charge in generating electric fields.

### Step 4: Analyze an Accelerating Charge
An accelerating charge produces both a changing electric field and a changing magnetic field. This change over time is essential for the generation of propagating electromagnetic waves. Therefore, an accelerating charge can indeed produce EM waves.

**Hint:** Focus on the relationship between acceleration and the generation of fields.

### Step 5: Analyze a Charge Moving at Constant Velocity
A charge moving at constant velocity generates a steady electric field and a steady magnetic field. Since these fields do not change with time, no electromagnetic waves are produced.

**Hint:** Think about how constant motion affects the fields generated by a charge.

### Conclusion
The only option that can produce a propagating electromagnetic wave is an accelerating charge.

**Final Answer:** An accelerating charge (Option C) can produce a propagating electromagnetic wave.