Which of the following do not have stomata

Options

A. Hydrophytes
B. Mesophytes
C. Xerophytes
D. Submerged hydrophytes

Explanation

To determine which of the given options do not have stomata, we will analyze each type of plant mentioned in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Types of Plants**: The options given are hydrophytes, mesophytes, xerophytes, and submerged hydrophiles.

2. **Analyze Hydrophytes**:
- Hydrophytes are aquatic plants that thrive in wet conditions.
- Some parts of these plants, like floating leaves (e.g., lotus), have stomata for gas exchange.
- **Conclusion**: Hydrophytes do have stomata.

3. **Analyze Mesophytes**:
- Mesophytes are plants that grow in moderate water conditions, neither too dry nor too wet.
- These plants have stomata for gas exchange on the surface of their leaves.
- **Conclusion**: Mesophytes do have stomata.

4. **Analyze Xerophytes**:
- Xerophytes are adapted to arid, dry environments (e.g., desert plants).
- They possess stomata, but these are often sunken in the leaf to minimize water loss through transpiration.
- **Conclusion**: Xerophytes do have stomata.

5. **Analyze Submerged Hydrophiles**:
- Submerged hydrophiles are plants that are completely submerged in water.
- They do not require stomata because they are fully underwater, and gas exchange occurs directly through their surfaces.
- Additionally, they lack a waxy cuticle, which is present in other plants to reduce water loss.
- **Conclusion**: Submerged hydrophiles do not have stomata.

6. **Final Answer**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer to the question "Which of the following do not have stomata?" is **Submerged Hydrophiles**.