What kind of evidences suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?

Options

A. Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes onl
B. Comparison of chromosomes morphology only
C. Evidence from fossil remains and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
D. Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes and mitochondria

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Relationship**: The question asks about the evidence that supports the idea that humans are more closely related to chimpanzees than to other hominoid apes. This relationship is primarily established through genetic evidence.

2. **Genetic Evidence**: The most compelling evidence comes from the analysis of DNA. Specifically, researchers look at DNA from three main sources:
- **Sex Chromosomes**: These are the chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual (X and Y chromosomes).
- **Autosomes**: These are the non-sex chromosomes that carry the majority of an organism's genetic information.
- **Mitochondrial DNA**: This is the DNA found in mitochondria, which is inherited maternally and mutates at a faster rate than nuclear DNA.

3. **Molecular Clock**: Mitochondrial DNA is particularly useful for studying evolutionary relationships because it mutates 5 to 10 times faster than nuclear DNA. This rapid mutation rate allows scientists to date recent evolutionary events more accurately.

4. **Comparative Analysis**: When comparing the DNA of humans and chimpanzees:
- **DNA Matching**: Studies show a high degree of similarity in the DNA sequences between humans and chimpanzees.
- **Chromosome Banding Patterns**: There are slight differences in the banding patterns of chromosomes 3 and 6 between humans and chimpanzees, but overall, they are quite similar.
- **Serum Tests**: Immunological studies (serum tests) indicate a high level of homology (similarity) between the proteins of humans and chimpanzees.

5. **Conclusion**: The combination of these genetic analyses—particularly from sex chromosomes, autosomes, and mitochondrial DNA—provides strong evidence that humans are more closely related to chimpanzees than to other hominoid apes.