Humming birds and hawk illustrate

Options

A. convergent evolution
B. homology
C. adapativre radiation
D. parallel evolution

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks how hummingbirds and hawks illustrate a specific evolutionary concept. The options provided are convergent evolution, homology, adaptive radiation, and parallel evolution.

2. **Identifying Common Ancestors**: Both hummingbirds and hawks share a common ancestor. This is an important point because it indicates that they have diverged from a similar starting point.

3. **Analyzing Environmental Adaptations**: Hummingbirds and hawks have adapted to different environments. This adaptation occurs due to the need to survive and thrive in varying ecological niches.

4. **Defining Adaptive Radiation**: Adaptive radiation is a process where organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments. This is what has happened with hummingbirds and hawks.

5. **Eliminating Other Options**:
- **Convergent Evolution**: This involves different species developing similar traits independently, without a common ancestor. This is not applicable here since both birds share a common ancestor.
- **Homology**: This refers to structures that are similar due to shared ancestry but may serve different functions. This does not apply as hummingbirds and hawks have evolved differently.
- **Parallel Evolution**: This occurs when two different species evolve similar traits in similar environments. This is also not applicable here since both birds share a common ancestor.

6. **Conclusion**: Given the analysis, hummingbirds and hawks illustrate **adaptive radiation** as they have evolved differently from a common ancestor to adapt to their respective environments.

### Final Answer:
Hummingbirds and hawks illustrate **adaptive radiation**.

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