Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease

Options

A. Ascorbic acid- Scurvy
B. Retinol - Xerophthalmia
C. Cobalamine- Beri-beri
D. Calciferol- Pellagra

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Types of Vitamins
Vitamins are categorized into two main types: fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. The fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K, while the water-soluble vitamins include the B-complex vitamins and vitamin C.

**Hint:** Remember the fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K.

### Step 2: Identify the Vitamins and Their Deficiency Diseases
We need to analyze each option provided in the question to see if the vitamin listed is fat-soluble and if the deficiency disease mentioned corresponds correctly.

1. **Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)** - This is a water-soluble vitamin. Its deficiency causes scurvy, not related to fat-soluble vitamins.

**Hint:** Ascorbic acid is vitamin C; it is not fat-soluble.

2. **Retinol (Vitamin A)** - This is a fat-soluble vitamin. Its deficiency can lead to xerophthalmia, which is related to night blindness and other vision issues.

**Hint:** Retinol is associated with vision; its deficiency causes xerophthalmia.

3. **Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)** - This is a water-soluble vitamin. Its deficiency leads to pernicious anemia, not beriberi. Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine).

**Hint:** Cobalamin is vitamin B12; it does not cause beriberi.

4. **Calciferol (Vitamin D)** - This is a fat-soluble vitamin. However, its deficiency does not cause pellagra; pellagra is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin).

**Hint:** Calciferol is vitamin D; it does not cause pellagra.

### Step 3: Conclusion
After analyzing all the options, the only correct combination of a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease is:

**Retinol (Vitamin A) - Xerophthalmia**

### Final Answer
The correct answer is: **Retinol (Vitamin A) causes Xerophthalmia.**