In which one of the following species , the central atom has the tuype of hybdridiztion which is not the same as that present in other three?

Options

A. `SF_4`
B. `I_3^-`
C. `SbCl_5^(2-)`
D. `PCl_5`

Explanation

To solve the problem of identifying which species has a different type of hybridization from the others, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Species
We need to analyze the hybridization of four species: SF4, I3^-, SbCl5^2-, and PCl5.

### Step 2: Determine the Hybridization of Each Species

1. **For SF4 (Sulfur Tetrafluoride)**:
- Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons.
- It forms 4 bonds with 4 fluorine atoms and has 1 lone pair.
- Hybridization = Number of bond pairs + Number of lone pairs = 4 (bond pairs) + 1 (lone pair) = 5.
- Therefore, the hybridization of SF4 is **sp³d**.

2. **For I3^- (Triiodide Ion)**:
- Iodine (I) has 7 valence electrons.
- In I3^-, the central iodine atom forms 2 bonds with 2 other iodine atoms and has 3 lone pairs.
- Hybridization = 2 (bond pairs) + 3 (lone pairs) = 5.
- Therefore, the hybridization of I3^- is also **sp³d**.

3. **For SbCl5^2- (Antimony Pentachloride Ion)**:
- Antimony (Sb) has 5 valence electrons.
- In SbCl5^2-, it has gained 2 electrons, giving it 7 valence electrons.
- It forms 5 bonds with 5 chlorine atoms and has 1 lone pair.
- Hybridization = 5 (bond pairs) + 1 (lone pair) = 6.
- Therefore, the hybridization of SbCl5^2- is **sp³d²**.

4. **For PCl5 (Phosphorus Pentachloride)**:
- Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons.
- It forms 5 bonds with 5 chlorine atoms and has no lone pairs.
- Hybridization = 5 (bond pairs) + 0 (lone pairs) = 5.
- Therefore, the hybridization of PCl5 is **sp³d**.

### Step 3: Compare the Hybridizations
- SF4: sp³d
- I3^-: sp³d
- SbCl5^2-: sp³d²
- PCl5: sp³d

### Conclusion
The species with a different type of hybridization is **SbCl5^2-**, as it has sp³d² hybridization, while the others have sp³d hybridization.

### Final Answer
**SbCl5^2-** has a different type of hybridization compared to the other three species.

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