Which one of the following is the correct order of interactions ?

Options

A. Covalent lt hydrogen bonding lt van der Waal's lt dipole-dipole
B. van der Waals' lt hydrogen bonding lt dipole-dipole lt covalent
C. van der Waals' lt dipole dipole lt hydrogen bonding lt covalent
D. dipole dipole lt van der Waals' lt hydrogen bonding lt covalent

Explanation

To determine the correct order of interactions among the given types of bonds (covalent bond, hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals bond, and dipole-dipole attraction), we will analyze each type of bond based on their strength and characteristics.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Covalent Bonds**:
- Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
- They are typically the strongest type of bond among the interactions listed.
- Example: In a water molecule (H₂O), the hydrogen atoms share electrons with the oxygen atom.

**Hint**: Remember that covalent bonds involve electron sharing and are generally very strong.

2. **Understanding Hydrogen Bonds**:
- Hydrogen bonds occur when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen).
- This creates a dipole, where the hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge and the electronegative atom has a partial negative charge, leading to an attraction between different molecules.
- Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds but stronger than Van der Waals forces.

**Hint**: Hydrogen bonds are significant in biological molecules like DNA and proteins due to their specific interactions.

3. **Understanding Dipole-Dipole Interactions**:
- Dipole-dipole interactions occur between molecules that have permanent dipoles due to differences in electronegativity.
- These interactions are weaker than hydrogen bonds but stronger than Van der Waals forces.

**Hint**: Dipole-dipole interactions arise from the attraction between positive and negative ends of polar molecules.

4. **Understanding Van der Waals Forces**:
- Van der Waals forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force and arise from temporary dipoles that occur when electron distribution around atoms fluctuates.
- These forces are present in all molecules, whether polar or nonpolar, but are particularly significant in nonpolar molecules.

**Hint**: Van der Waals forces are often referred to as London dispersion forces in nonpolar molecules.

5. **Ranking the Interactions**:
- Based on the strength of the interactions, we can rank them as follows:
1. Covalent Bond (strongest)
2. Hydrogen Bond
3. Dipole-Dipole Interaction
4. Van der Waals Forces (weakest)

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the correct order of interactions from strongest to weakest is:
- Covalent Bond > Hydrogen Bond > Dipole-Dipole Interaction > Van der Waals Forces.

### Final Answer:
The correct order of interactions is:
**Covalent Bond > Hydrogen Bond > Dipole-Dipole Interaction > Van der Waals Forces.**