What is true of ecosystem?

Options

A. Primary consumers are least dependent producers producers
B. primery consumers out-number producers
C. producers are more than primary consumers
D. Secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Ecosystem**: An ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere, comprising both living organisms (biotic factors) and their non-living environment (abiotic factors).

2. **Interaction in Ecosystem**: In an ecosystem, living organisms interact with their environment through food chains and chemical cycles. This interaction leads to energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling, forming a stable and self-supporting system.

3. **Classification of Organisms**: Organisms in an ecosystem are classified into three main categories: producers, consumers, and decomposers.
- **Producers**: These are autotrophic organisms (like plants) that manufacture their own food through photosynthesis.
- **Consumers**: These organisms depend on producers for their food, either directly (herbivores) or indirectly (carnivores).
- **Decomposers**: They obtain their food from the organic materials of dead producers and consumers.

4. **Population Dynamics**: In a true ecosystem, the number of producers is always greater than the number of consumers. This is crucial for maintaining the energy balance within the ecosystem.

5. **Evaluation of Statements**:
- **Statement 1**: "Primary consumers are least dependent on producers." - This is incorrect because primary consumers depend directly on producers for their food.
- **Statement 2**: "Primary consumers outnumber producers." - This is also incorrect as producers should outnumber consumers in a healthy ecosystem.
- **Statement 3**: "Producers are more than primary consumers." - This is correct and aligns with the definition of a true ecosystem.
- **Statement 4**: "Secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful." - This is incorrect as they are not necessarily the largest; producers are the foundation of the ecosystem.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation, the correct statement about ecosystems is that "Producers are more than primary consumers."