Electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in weakly acidic medium gives .

Options

A. aniline
B. nitrosobenzene
C. N-phenyl hydroxylamine
D. p-hydroxyaniline

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in a weakly acidic medium, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactant
Nitrobenzene is the compound we are starting with. Its structure consists of a benzene ring with a nitro group (-NO2) attached to it.

### Step 2: Identify the Medium
The reduction is taking place in a weakly acidic medium. This means that there are some hydrogen ions (H⁺) present in the solution, which will play a role in the reduction process.

### Step 3: Describe the Process of Electrolytic Reduction
Electrolytic reduction involves the gain of electrons. In this case, the nitro group (-NO2) in nitrobenzene will be reduced. The process can be represented as follows:
- The nitro group will be converted to an amine group (-NH2) through the addition of hydrogen.

### Step 4: Write the Reaction
The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NO}_2 + 4\text{H}^+ + 4\text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
Here, nitrobenzene (C₆H₅NO₂) is reduced to aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) with the release of water (H₂O).

### Step 5: Identify the Product
From the above reaction, we can see that the main product formed from the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in a weakly acidic medium is aniline.

### Conclusion
Thus, the final answer to the question is that the electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in weakly acidic medium gives **aniline**.

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