`ATP` formation in chloroplast and mitochondrion is explained by

Options

A. Relay Pumb Theory of Godlewski
B. Cholodny-Went's Model
C. Chemiosmotic Theory
D. Munch's Mass Flow Hypothesis

Explanation

To answer the question regarding the formation of ATP in chloroplasts and mitochondria, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the theory that explains ATP formation in chloroplasts and mitochondria.

2. **Reviewing the Options**: We have several theories presented as options:
- **Rayleigh-Ponk theory of Bortwelski**: This theory pertains to the vertical movement of water in plants, which is unrelated to ATP synthesis.
- **Collodenube-Wendt model**: This model explains the role of auxins in phototropism, which is also not relevant to ATP formation.
- **Chemiosmotic theory**: This theory, proposed by Peter Mitchell, explains the coupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis through the creation of a proton gradient across membranes.
- **Munch plus flow hypothesis**: This hypothesis explains the transport of sugars through phloem tissue, which does not relate to ATP synthesis.

3. **Identifying the Correct Theory**: Among the options, the **Chemiosmotic theory** is the one that specifically addresses how ATP is formed in both chloroplasts (during photosynthesis) and mitochondria (during cellular respiration) through the process of chemiosmosis.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Chemiosmotic theory**.

### Final Answer:
The formation of ATP in chloroplasts and mitochondria is explained by the **Chemiosmotic theory**.

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