Ethyl benzote can be prepared from benzoic acid by using:

Options

A. Ethyl alcohol
B. Ethyl alcohol and dry HCI
C. Ehtyl Chloride
D. Sodium ethoxide

Answer

To prepare ethyl benzoate from benzoic acid, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
We start with benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) and ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH).

2. **Understand the Reaction Type**:
The reaction we are performing is called esterification. This is a process where an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid to form an ester and water.

3. **Write the Reaction Equation**:
The general reaction for the formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol can be represented as:
\[ \text{RCOOH} + \text{R'OH} \rightarrow \text{RCOOR'} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
For our case:
\[ \text{C6H5COOH} + \text{C2H5OH} \rightarrow \text{C6H5COOC2H5} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
Here, C6H5COOC2H5 is ethyl benzoate.

4. **Use of Dry HCl**:
To facilitate the reaction, we need to use dry HCl. The purpose of HCl is to protonate the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the benzoic acid, making it a better leaving group and thus enhancing the reaction rate.

5. **Mechanism of the Reaction**:
- The -OH group of benzoic acid is protonated by HCl, forming a better leaving group.
- Ethyl alcohol acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of the protonated benzoic acid.
- This leads to the formation of the tetrahedral intermediate.
- Finally, water is eliminated, resulting in the formation of ethyl benzoate.

6. **Final Product**:
The final product of the reaction is ethyl benzoate (C6H5COOC2H5) and water (H2O).

### Conclusion:
Thus, ethyl benzoate can be prepared from benzoic acid by using ethyl alcohol and dry HCl.

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