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CN^(-) is a strong field ligand. This is...

`CN^(-)` is a strong field ligand. This is due to the fact that

A

It is a pseudohalide

B

It can accept electrons from metal species

C

It forms high spin complexes with metal species

D

It carries negative charge

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine why CN⁻ is a strong field ligand, we can analyze the characteristics of CN⁻ and its interactions with metal ions. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Ligands**: Ligands are ions or molecules that can donate a pair of electrons to a metal to form a coordinate bond. Strong field ligands are those that create a large splitting of the d-orbitals in transition metal complexes. 2. **Characteristics of CN⁻**: The cyanide ion (CN⁻) is known to be a strong field ligand. This is primarily due to its ability to form strong bonds with metal ions. 3. **Electron Pair Donation**: CN⁻ can act as a Lewis base, meaning it can donate a pair of electrons to the metal ion. This ability to donate electrons is crucial for forming stable complexes. 4. **Crystal Field Stabilization Energy (CFSE)**: Strong field ligands like CN⁻ result in a high CFSE, which stabilizes the low spin complexes formed with transition metals. This is because they cause a significant splitting of the d-orbitals, leading to a preference for pairing of electrons in the lower energy orbitals. 5. **Comparison with Other Ligands**: Unlike weak field ligands, which may lead to high spin configurations, CN⁻ promotes low spin configurations due to its strong field nature. 6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the reason CN⁻ is classified as a strong field ligand is that it can accept electrons from metal species, leading to the formation of stable low spin complexes. ### Final Answer: CN⁻ is a strong field ligand because it can accept electrons from metal species.
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