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Correct order of -I effect is :...

Correct order of -I effect is :

A

`-NR_(3)^(+)gtORgtF`

B

`Fgt-NR_(3)^(+)gt-OR`

C

`-NR_(3)^(+)gtFgtOR`

D

`ORgt-NR_(3)^(+)gtF`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine the correct order of the -I (negative inductive) effect, we need to analyze the electron-withdrawing ability of different groups. The -I effect is a result of the electronegativity of atoms or groups attached to a carbon chain, which can pull electron density away from the rest of the molecule. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understand the Inductive Effect**: The inductive effect refers to the permanent polarization of a sigma bond due to the electronegativity difference between atoms. The -I effect specifically refers to the electron-withdrawing nature of certain groups. **Hint**: Recall that electronegative atoms or groups can attract electrons towards themselves, leading to a -I effect. 2. **Identify the Groups**: In this case, we are considering groups such as NR3+, F (fluorine), and OR (alkoxy group). We need to evaluate their electronegativities. **Hint**: Look at the periodic table to compare the electronegativities of nitrogen, fluorine, and oxygen. 3. **Rank the Groups by Electronegativity**: - **NR3+**: The positively charged amine group (NR3+) has a strong electron-withdrawing effect due to the positive charge. - **F (Fluorine)**: Fluorine is the most electronegative element, thus it has a strong -I effect. - **OR (Alkoxy Group)**: The alkoxy group (OR) is less electronegative than fluorine and has a weaker -I effect. **Hint**: Remember that a positive charge increases the electron-withdrawing ability of a group significantly. 4. **Establish the Correct Order**: Based on the electronegativities and the strength of the -I effect: - NR3+ > F > OR Therefore, the correct order of the -I effect is NR3+ > F > OR. 5. **Choose the Correct Option**: From the given options, the one that matches our derived order is option 3: NR3+ > F > OR. **Hint**: Always double-check the options provided to ensure your derived order matches one of them. ### Final Answer: The correct order of -I effect is: **NR3+ > F > OR** (Option 3).
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