Which is the basis of genetic mapping of human genome as well as DNA finger printing?

Options

A. Polymorphism in DNA sequence
B. Single nucleotide polymorphism
C. Polymorphism in hnRNA sequence
D. Polymorphism in RNA sequence

Answer

To answer the question, "Which is the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as DNA fingerprinting?", we can break down the solution into the following steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Genetic Mapping and DNA Fingerprinting**:
- Genetic mapping refers to the process of determining the location and chemical sequence of genes on a chromosome. It involves creating a genetic map of the human genome, which is the complete genetic makeup of an individual.
- DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles. It is often used in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic diversity studies.

2. **Identifying the Basis of Genetic Mapping and DNA Fingerprinting**:
- Both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting rely on the identification of specific DNA sequences that vary among individuals. These variations are crucial for distinguishing one individual’s DNA from another's.

3. **Role of Repetitive DNA Sequences**:
- The basis for both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting lies in certain regions of the DNA known as repetitive DNA sequences. These sequences consist of small stretches of DNA that are repeated multiple times.
- Repetitive DNA does not code for proteins but constitutes a significant portion of the human genome.

4. **Polymorphism in Repetitive DNA**:
- These repetitive DNA sequences exhibit a high degree of polymorphism, meaning there are many variations in the number of repeats among different individuals. This polymorphism is what makes it possible to differentiate between the DNA of different people.
- The variations in these sequences can be detected and analyzed to create genetic maps and DNA fingerprints.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome and DNA fingerprinting is the polymorphism found in repetitive DNA sequences.

### Final Answer:
The basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as DNA fingerprinting is the polymorphism in repetitive DNA sequences.

---