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Statement-1 Let A and B be the two event...

Statement-1 Let A and B be the two events, such that `P(AcupB)=P(AcapB)`, then `P(AcapB')=P(A'capB)=0`
Statement-2 Let A and B be the two events, such that `P(AcupB)=P(AcapB),` then `P(A)+P(B)=1`

A

Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true: Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1

B

Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true: Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1

C

Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false

D

Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we will analyze both statements step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze Statement 1 **Statement 1:** Let A and B be two events such that \( P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) \). Then \( P(A \cap B') = P(A' \cap B) = 0 \). 1. **Understanding the equation \( P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) \)**: - From set theory, we know that: \[ P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B) \] - Setting this equal to \( P(A \cap B) \): \[ P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B) = P(A \cap B) \] - Rearranging gives: \[ P(A) + P(B) = 2P(A \cap B) \] 2. **Finding \( P(A \cap B') \) and \( P(A' \cap B) \)**: - \( P(A \cap B') \) represents the probability of event A occurring while event B does not occur. - \( P(A' \cap B) \) represents the probability of event B occurring while event A does not occur. - Since \( P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) \), it implies that the only area where A and B overlap is the area of their intersection. Therefore, the areas outside this intersection (i.e., \( A \cap B' \) and \( A' \cap B \)) must have zero probability. - Thus, we conclude: \[ P(A \cap B') = 0 \quad \text{and} \quad P(A' \cap B) = 0 \] **Conclusion for Statement 1**: True. ### Step 2: Analyze Statement 2 **Statement 2:** Let A and B be two events such that \( P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) \). Then \( P(A) + P(B) = 1 \). 1. **Using the previous result**: - We already established that \( P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) \) leads to: \[ P(A) + P(B) = 2P(A \cap B) \] - This does not imply that \( P(A) + P(B) = 1 \). In fact, it suggests that the sum of the probabilities of A and B is twice the probability of their intersection. 2. **Counterexample**: - If we take \( P(A) = 0.5 \) and \( P(B) = 0.5 \), then: \[ P(A \cap B) = 0.5 \quad \text{(if they overlap completely)} \] - Therefore, \( P(A \cup B) = 0.5 \) which is not equal to \( 1 \). **Conclusion for Statement 2**: False. ### Final Conclusion - **Statement 1 is true**. - **Statement 2 is false**.
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