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Let f(x) = [ n + p sin x], x in (0,pi), ...

Let f(x) = [ n + p sin x], `x in (0,pi), n in Z`, p is a prime number and [x] = the greatest integer less than or equal to x. The number of points at which f(x) is not not differentiable is :

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To solve the problem, we need to analyze the function \( f(x) = [n + p \sin x] \) where \( x \in (0, \pi) \), \( n \in \mathbb{Z} \), and \( p \) is a prime number. The notation \( [x] \) denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to \( x \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Range of \( \sin x \)**: - The function \( \sin x \) varies from \( 0 \) to \( 1 \) for \( x \in (0, \pi) \). - Therefore, \( p \sin x \) will vary from \( 0 \) to \( p \). 2. **Analyzing \( n + p \sin x \)**: - Since \( n \) is an integer and \( p \sin x \) varies continuously from \( 0 \) to \( p \), the expression \( n + p \sin x \) will vary from \( n \) to \( n + p \). - The greatest integer function \( [n + p \sin x] \) will change its value at integer points. 3. **Identifying Points of Non-Differentiability**: - The function \( f(x) \) will not be differentiable at points where \( n + p \sin x \) is an integer. - Let \( k \) be an integer such that \( n \leq k < n + p \). The condition for non-differentiability is: \[ n + p \sin x = k \implies p \sin x = k - n \implies \sin x = \frac{k - n}{p} \] - For \( \sin x \) to be valid, \( \frac{k - n}{p} \) must lie within \( [0, 1] \). Thus, we have: \[ 0 \leq k - n < p \] - This implies: \[ n \leq k < n + p \] 4. **Counting Valid Integer Values of \( k \)**: - The integers \( k \) can take values from \( n \) to \( n + p - 1 \). This gives us \( p \) possible values for \( k \). 5. **Finding Corresponding \( x \) Values**: - For each integer \( k \), there are two corresponding \( x \) values in the interval \( (0, \pi) \): - \( x = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{k - n}{p}\right) \) - \( x = \pi - \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{k - n}{p}\right) \) - Thus, for each \( k \), we have two points where \( f(x) \) is not differentiable. 6. **Total Points of Non-Differentiability**: - Since there are \( p \) integers \( k \) from \( n \) to \( n + p - 1 \), and each \( k \) contributes 2 points, the total number of points at which \( f(x) \) is not differentiable is: \[ 2p \] ### Conclusion: The number of points at which the function \( f(x) \) is not differentiable is \( 2p \).
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