Name any two ex-situ conservation for biodiversity?

Explanation

Conservation refers to protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural resources such as forests and water. Conservation can be broadly divided into two main types :
(i) In-Situ,
(ii) Ex-Situ

(i) In-Situ Conservation Methods : In-situ conservation refers to conservation of species in their natural habitats and is one of the most appropriate ways of conserving biodiversity. It is also known as on-site conservation. Various natural habitats are national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves. A national park is a reserved area which is strictly reserved for the betterment of the wildlife and where activities like forestry, grazing on cultivation are not permitted.
(ii) Ex-Situ Conservation Methods : Exsitu conservation refers to the preservation of components of biological diversity outside

their natural habitats. It is also known as offsite conservation. This involves conserva-tion of genetic resources, as well as wild and cultivated species. Some of these include:
1. Gene banks, e.g., seed banks, sperm and ova banks, field banks.
2. In vitro plant tissue and microbial culture collections.
3. Captive breeding of animals and artificial propagation of plants. Collecting living organisms for zoos, aquaria, and botanical gardens for research and public awareness. Ex-situ conservation is an important measure against extinction. These measures also have a valuable role to play in recovery programmes for endangered species. It also helps in maintaining domesticated plants which cannot survive in nature unaided. Ex-situ conservation plays a central role in public education and awareness raising by bringing members of the public into contact with plants and animals