Explain the role of different regions of nephron in urine formation.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Introduction to the Nephron**:
- The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation. It consists of several regions, each playing a distinct role in the filtration and reabsorption processes.

2. **Glomerulus**:
- The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries where the first step of urine formation occurs. Blood enters through the afferent arteriole and exits via the efferent arteriole.
- **Role**: It facilitates ultrafiltration, allowing water, ions, and small molecules to pass into the Bowman's capsule while retaining larger molecules like proteins in the bloodstream.
...