Conversion of Aniline into benzonitrile to benzoic acid

Explanation

To convert aniline into benzonitrile and then into benzoic acid, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Convert Aniline to Benzene Diazonium Salt
1. **Reagents**: Use sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a temperature of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius.
2. **Reaction**: Aniline (C6H5NH2) reacts with NaNO2 and HCl to form benzene diazonium chloride (C6H5N2Cl).
- **Equation**:
\[
C6H5NH2 + NaNO2 + HCl \rightarrow C6H5N2^+Cl^- + NaCl + 2H2O
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