Conversion of Aniline into chlorobenzene

Explanation

To convert aniline into chlorobenzene, we will follow a two-step process involving diazotization and the Sandmeyer reaction. Here’s the step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Diazotization of Aniline
1. **Starting Material**: Begin with aniline (C6H5NH2).
2. **Reagents**: Treat aniline with a mixture of nitrous acid (HNO2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a temperature between 0 to 5 degrees Celsius.
3. **Reaction**: The amino group (-NH2) of aniline is converted into a diazonium salt (C6H5N2+Cl-). The reaction can be represented as:
\[
C6H5NH2 + HNO2 + HCl \rightarrow C6H5N2^+Cl^- + 2H2O
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