Conversion of Benzene to m-nitroaniline

Explanation

To convert benzene to m-nitroaniline, we will follow a series of steps involving nitration and reduction. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Nitration of Benzene
- **Starting Material**: Benzene (C6H6)
- **Reagents**: Concentrated HNO3 (nitric acid) and concentrated H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
- **Reaction**: The benzene reacts with the nitrating mixture to introduce a nitro group (NO2) into the benzene ring.
- **Product**: Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2)

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