Conversion of Nitrobenzene to m-nitroaniline

Explanation

To convert nitrobenzene to m-nitroaniline, we will follow a two-step process: nitration followed by partial reduction. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the conversion:

### Step 1: Nitration of Nitrobenzene
1. **Starting Material**: Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2).
2. **Reagents**: Concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
3. **Reaction**: The nitration process introduces another nitro group (NO2) to the aromatic ring. Since the existing nitro group is a meta-directing group, the new nitro group will be added at the meta position relative to the existing nitro group.
4. **Product**: The product of this reaction is m-dinitrobenzene (1,3-dinitrobenzene).

...