Conversion of Benzene into m-dichlorobenzene

Explanation

To convert benzene into m-dichlorobenzene, we will follow a series of chemical reactions. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Nitration of Benzene
**Reaction:**
Benzene (C6H6) is treated with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to introduce a nitro group (NO2) onto the benzene ring.

**Equation:**
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 + \text{HNO}_3 \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
...