Conversion of Benzene into 4-nitrobenzaldehyde

Explanation

To convert benzene into 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, we will follow a series of chemical reactions. Here is the step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
- **Reaction**: Treat benzene (C6H6) with methyl chloride (CH3Cl) in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3).
- **Mechanism**: AlCl3 acts as a Lewis acid and forms a complex with CH3Cl, generating a methyl cation (CH3+). This cation then attacks the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of toluene (C6H5CH3).

**Equation**:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 + \text{CH}_3\text{Cl} \xrightarrow{\text{AlCl}_3} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CH}_3 \]
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