Excretion of a hypertonic urine in humans is associated with the

Options

A. glomerular capsule
B. proximal convoluted tubule
C. loop of the nephron
D. distal convoluted tubule

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Hypertonic Urine:**
- Hypertonic urine refers to urine that has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the surrounding fluid. This means that it has less water relative to solutes, leading to a more concentrated urine.

2. **Identifying the Structures Involved in Urine Formation:**
- The main structures involved in urine formation in humans include:
- A) Glomerular Capsule
- B) Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
- C) Loop of Henle
- D) Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)

3. **Analyzing Each Structure:**
- **Glomerular Capsule:**
- This is where blood filtration occurs. The filtrate formed here is isotonic and does not directly relate to hypertonic urine.
- **Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):**
- The PCT is responsible for the reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients. It does not contribute to the formation of hypertonic urine as it primarily reabsorbs water back into the bloodstream.
- **Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT):**
- The DCT also reabsorbs ions and water but is not primarily responsible for the excretion of hypertonic urine.
- **Loop of Henle:**
- The Loop of Henle plays a crucial role in concentrating urine. The descending limb is permeable to water but not to solutes, allowing water to be reabsorbed, while the ascending limb is impermeable to water but allows solutes to be reabsorbed. This mechanism helps in creating a hypertonic environment in the medulla, which is essential for the concentration of urine.

4. **Conclusion:**
- The structure primarily associated with the excretion of hypertonic urine in humans is the **Loop of Henle**. This is where the urine becomes concentrated due to the reabsorption of water and solutes in a manner that leads to hypertonic urine.

**Final Answer:**
- The correct answer is **C) Loop of Henle**.

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