The presence of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) causes an individual to excrete :

Options

A. sugars
B. less water
C. more water
D. both (a) and (c)

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding ADH**: The first step is to recognize what ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is and its function in the body. ADH is also known as vasopressin and is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland.

2. **Function of ADH**: The primary role of ADH is to regulate water balance in the body. It acts on the kidneys to promote the reabsorption of water back into the bloodstream.

3. **Effect of ADH on Water Excretion**: When ADH is present, it causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water. This means that less water is lost in urine. Therefore, the amount of water excreted by the body decreases.

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option a (sugars)**: ADH does not primarily influence sugar excretion.
- **Option b (less water)**: This is a direct consequence of ADH action, as more water is reabsorbed.
- **Option c (more water)**: This is incorrect because ADH leads to less water being excreted.
- **Option d (both a and c)**: This is also incorrect for the same reasons mentioned above.

5. **Conclusion**: The presence of ADH causes an individual to excrete less water. Therefore, the correct answer is **b. less water**.